Naturalization Procedures and Eligibility
The Process of Naturalization
Naturalization in the Philippines involves a legal process that allows a foreign citizen to acquire Filipino citizenship. The most common law under which this is done is the Commonwealth Act No. 473, otherwise known as the Revised Naturalization Law. This law outlines the qualifications, requirements, and procedures for naturalization.
Eligibility Criteria
To apply for naturalization, you must meet specific eligibility criteria, including:
- Not being less than twenty-one years of age on the day of the hearing of the petition;
- Having resided in the Philippines for a continuous period, not less than ten years;
- Being able to speak and write English or Spanish or any one of the principal languages;
- Having good moral character;
- Believing in the principles underlying the Philippine Constitution.
Application and Documentation
The first step is filing a petition for naturalization in the Regional Trial Court (RTC) of the province in which you have resided for at least one year prior to the filing. Various documents, including birth certificates, marriage certificates (if applicable), and affidavits of character, are required.
Hearing and Decision
After filing, a notice of the hearing shall be published. During the hearing, the court will assess if you meet all eligibility criteria. If approved, you will take the oath of allegiance, after which a certificate of naturalization is issued.
Administrative Naturalization
In addition to judicial naturalization, there is also administrative naturalization as outlined under Republic Act No. 9139, known as the Administrative Naturalization Law of 2000. This is a faster process but has its own set of eligibility criteria, including being born in the Philippines and having lived in the country for a considerable amount of time.
Special Cases: Born in the Philippines
Republic Act No. 9139 also allows for foreign nationals born in the Philippines who have lived in the country to apply for administrative naturalization, subject to specific conditions.
Conclusion
Naturalization is a complex legal process and must be approached with complete preparation and understanding of the laws and procedures involved. Due diligence in gathering the required documents and meeting all the conditions is crucial for a successful application. It's advisable to consult with a legal expert specializing in citizenship and immigration law to ensure a smooth and hassle-free naturalization process.