What is the legal responsibility of a dog owner if their dog frequently chases people on public roads?
In the Philippines, the legal responsibilities of dog owners, particularly in cases where their pets pose a threat to the public, are governed by the Civil Code, local ordinances, and specific laws like the Republic Act No. 9482, known as the "Anti-Rabies Act of 2007."
Owner's Liability Under the Civil Code
According to Article 2183 of the Civil Code of the Philippines, "The possessor of an animal or whoever may make use of the same is responsible for the damage which it may cause, although it may escape or be lost. This responsibility shall cease only in case the damage should come from force majeure or from the fault of the person who has suffered damage."
This provision establishes the principle of strict liability for animal owners. If a dog, for instance, chases or attacks people on a public road and causes harm, the owner is automatically liable for the damages caused. The law does not require proof of negligence; the mere fact that the animal caused harm suffices to establish the owner's liability.
The Anti-Rabies Act of 2007
Republic Act No. 9482, or the Anti-Rabies Act of 2007, further emphasizes the responsibilities of dog owners. This law mandates that owners must maintain control over their pets, keep them within their property, and ensure that they do not become a public nuisance or danger.
Under this law, if a dog bites someone, the owner must shoulder the medical expenses of the victim and may face penalties, especially if the dog is unvaccinated against rabies. Additionally, allowing a dog to roam freely in public spaces without supervision is prohibited, reinforcing the owner’s obligation to prevent their pets from causing harm to others.
Local Ordinances
Local governments often have ordinances that further regulate pet ownership and impose additional penalties for violations. These ordinances may require owners to keep their dogs on a leash when outside their property or impose fines for letting dogs stray onto public roads.
Conclusion
In summary, under Philippine law, dog owners are held strictly liable for any harm their pets cause to others, particularly when the animals are not properly restrained or controlled. This liability is reinforced by both the Civil Code and the Anti-Rabies Act of 2007, with additional regulations possibly imposed by local ordinances. Pet owners must be vigilant in managing their animals to avoid legal repercussions and ensure public safety.