Are Election Giveaways Such as T-Shirts, Caps, Umbrellas, and the Like, Prohibited in the 2025 NLE?

The question of whether distributing election giveaways like T-shirts, caps, umbrellas, and similar items is prohibited in the 2025 National and Local Elections (NLE) in the Philippines requires a nuanced examination of the Commission on Elections (Comelec) regulations and relevant laws.

Historically, the distribution of campaign materials, including giveaways, has been a common practice in Philippine elections. These items serve as promotional tools for candidates, aiming to increase visibility and voter recall. However, the Comelec has implemented rules to ensure that such practices do not lead to unfair advantages or violate election laws.

According to Comelec Resolution No. 11086, issued on December 9, 2024, candidates and their supporters are encouraged to use environment-friendly and recyclable materials for their campaign paraphernalia. The resolution states that the use of materials containing hazardous chemicals and substances must be avoided. Additionally, candidates and political parties are required to indicate in their campaign materials the phrase, "This material should be recycled or disposed of responsibly."

While the resolution emphasizes environmental considerations, it does not explicitly prohibit the distribution of items like T-shirts, caps, or umbrellas. However, it is crucial for candidates to comply with local government policies that protect the environment, particularly regarding the use of plastic and other similar materials. Non-compliance with these guidelines may result in the removal or confiscation of prohibited election materials by the Comelec.

Furthermore, candidates must be mindful of the provisions under the Omnibus Election Code, which prohibits vote-buying and vote-selling. While distributing campaign materials is generally permissible, offering items of significant value with the intent to influence voters can be construed as vote-buying, which is an election offense punishable by law.

In summary, the distribution of election giveaways such as T-shirts, caps, and umbrellas is not outrightly prohibited in the 2025 NLE. However, candidates must ensure that these materials are environmentally friendly, comply with local regulations, and do not violate election laws related to vote-buying. Adherence to Comelec guidelines and relevant laws is essential to maintain fair and lawful campaign practices.